The earliest confirmed poisoning by lead acetate was that of Pope Clement II who died in October 1047. Legislation prohibiting its use as a wine sweetener was ineffective until, decades later, chemical methods of detecting its presence had been developed. Lead acetate is no longer used in the production of sweeteners because of its recognized toxicity. ![]() It is possible that lead(II) acetate or other lead compounds leaching into the syrup might have caused lead poisoning in those who consumed it. This syrup was used to sweeten wine and to sweeten and preserve fruit. The ancient Romans, who had few sweeteners besides honey, would boil must (unfiltered grape juice) in lead pots to produce a reduced sugar syrup called defrutum, concentrated again into sapa. Like other lead(II) salts, lead(II) acetate has a sweet taste, which led to its historical use as a sugar substitute in both wines and foods. Comparison of anhydrous and trihydrate crystal structures 1⁄ 2H 2O, and to basic acetates such as Pb 4O(OAc) 6 and Pb 2O(OAc) 2.The trihydrate thermally decomposes to a hemihydrate, Pb(OAc) 2 The coordination geometry at Pb is a monocapped square antiprism. In the trihydrate, the Pb 2+ ion's coordination sphere consists of nine oxygen atoms belonging to three water molecules, two bidentate acetate groups and two bridging acetate groups. In comparison, lead(II) acetate trihydrate's structure is a 1D coordination polymer. The crystal structure of anhydrous lead(II) acetate has been described as a 2D coordination polymer. Lead(II) acetate can also be made via a single displacement reaction between copper acetate and lead metal:Ĭu(OAc) 2 + Pb → Cu + Pb(OAc) 2 Structure Lead(II) acetate can also be made by dissolving lead(II) oxide in acetic acid: PbO + 2 AcOH → Pb(OAc) 2 + H 2O This method will also work with lead(II) carbonate or lead(II) oxide. Lead(II) acetate can be made by boiling elemental lead in acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. It was historically used as a sweetener and preservative in wines and in other foods and for cosmetics. Lead(II) acetate is also used as a mordant in textile printing and dyeing, and as a drier in paints and varnishes. In low concentrations, it is the principal active ingredient in progressive types of hair colouring dyes. ![]() The substance is used as a reagent to make other lead compounds and as a fixative for some dyes. With water it forms the trihydrate, Pb(OAc) 2♳H 2O, a colourless or white efflorescent monoclinic crystalline substance. Lead acetate is soluble in water and glycerin. Like many other lead compounds, it is toxic. Its chemical formula is usually expressed as Pb(CH 3COO) 2 or Pb(OAc) 2, where Ac represents the acetyl group. Lead(II) acetate, also known as lead acetate, lead diacetate, plumbous acetate, sugar of lead, lead sugar, salt of Saturn, or Goulard's powder, is a white crystalline chemical compound with a slightly sweet taste.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |